Document Type

Article

Abstract

It is well known and researched that those with autism (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), fragile X syndrome (FXS), and Down syndrome (DS) have impaired pragmatic abilities, especially when compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. There is not much research comparing the differences in pragmatic deficits between children with the above neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and the impacts these deficits have on their lives. This research aims to explore the pragmatic deficits children with ASD, ADHD, FXS, and DS may experience, how their pragmatic abilities compare to their TD peers, and the impact of those deficits on their daily lives. Scholarly journal articles and other peer reviewed literature material over the pragmatic abilities of children with ASD, ADHD, FXS, DS, and TD, the long-term effects of pragmatic deficits, and intervention approaches to reduce the pragmatic deficits have been reviewed and analyzed. The findings not only indicate there are differences in pragmatic abilities between children with different NDDs, but there are different strengths and weaknesses in specific areas for each NDD. Children with deficits in their pragmatic abilities are more likely to be outcast from their TD peers and experience other struggles in their personal and academic life due to their lack of pragmatic skills.

Publication Date

Spring 5-1-2024

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