Date of Award

Spring 8-1-2007

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Athletic Training

First Advisor

Jody B. Brucker

Second Advisor

Timothy J. Demchak

Third Advisor

Jeffrey E. Edwards

Abstract

Context: The practice of cycling for cardiovascular benefits and the simultaneous application of an ice bag to the upper extremity for cryotherapy effects is convenient and time-saving. However, exercise increases body temperature specially in working muscles. However, non-working areas are used to dissipate heat by receiving warmed blood. Objective: To determine the effect of lower body exercise on deltoid cooling during 1-kg ice bag treatment and post treatment rewarming, separately. Design: Two ( during and after ice application) 2 X 5 repeated measures designs with the treatment condition (bike and rest) and time (baseline, 1-, 10-, 20-, and 30-minutes during the respective treatment time) as the independent variables. Setting: Laboratory. Participants: Twenty physically-active, volunteers (M: 15, F: 5, age: 22.5 ±2.7y, ht: 174.1 ± 9.9cm, mass: 68.4 ± 9.1kg, skinfold thickness: 14.2 ±3 .5 mm, V02Max: 37.0 ± 9.2 ml/kg/min). Main Outcome Measure(s): Intramuscular temperature (°C) of the dominant shoulder deltoid muscle 1 cm plus½ the superficial tissue thickness. Intervention(s): 1-kg, compressed ice bag treatment to the deltoid during a 30-minuite biking exercise at 60 to 65% V02max or at rest. Results: In the bike condition, intramuscular temperatures began to decrease following the I-minute measure (P < 0.001) from 36 to 22°C. In the rest condition, intramuscular temperature continually cooled (P < 0.001) from 36 to 19°C. At the IO-minute (P = .05), 20-minute (P < .001 ), and 30-minute (P < .001) times, the temperatures during the rest condition were cooler than the bike condition. In the rest condition, intramuscular temperature did not IV continue decreasing following ice bag removal. Lower extremity ergometry exercise did not influence deltoid rewarming. Conclusions: Cycling while cooling the deltoid was sufficient to cause a Q10 effect. However, if a greater cooling effect is desired, the clinician should ice to patients at rest.

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