Date of Award

2013

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department

Education

Abstract

The main purpose of this research was to survey the literature about the U.S.Education system and synthesize the important conclusions that could be identified as the main features of theEducation system in general as they relate to student achievement. The criteria were set and the meta-analysis procedures were carefully followed. This process identified a collection of studies that were categorized into three main groups which were named components to indicate the purpose of the research: (a) calendar, (b) teaching method, and (c) extracurricular activity participation. After calculating the effect size of each of these components, they were entered into a binary regression equation to examine the effect of each component on the overall significance which represented the importance of the factor on theEducation system. As LOGIT (binary regression) measured the odds ratio of such factor importance on theEducation system, the concern of joint probability changing all groups on the overall significance emerged. Although these components were found to be important on theEducation system, their joint effect, changing them together, was also important. However, it was found that these three groups had one thing in common, which was time exposure of students on learning within each factor. In other words, it seemed that the importance of these groups was expressed in the latent factor that was time exposure to learning for students. Therefore, increasing the time exposure of learning for students was the main requirement to envision a new alternative system which incorporates many of the existing system ingredients, such as buildings and staff. The research concluded with a vision for a new suggested system based on the findings and the view that could be used as general guidelines for the future K-12Education system.

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